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David Churchill Barrow is an attorney and historian who was raised as a Massachusetts "Swamp Yankee," but now resides with his wife MaryLu near Tampa, Florida.
Thursday, June 30th 2016
Or coerced liberte, egalite, fraternite v. "Go away and leave me the hell alone."
Posted Thu Jun 30 2016 15:36
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I have a cousin who is a prominent physicist, and we were discussing whether certain principles of physics can be useful in political science. To appeal to his mathematical mind, I gave him the following equation:

American + Revolution = Last Best Hope of Earth

French + Revolution = Mass Graves & The Gulag

Sic semper... Why? Because the American Founding Fathers were keenly aware of the nature of human frailty and the limits of human understanding. Even the most benevolent among us cannot be allowed to rule by decree, for such power would inevitably corrode any benevolence like salt on steel, and even if one had omniscience in any given moment it would be useless, since the moment keeps changing.

Well-ordered liberty, free markets and limited government - as opposed to modern systems descended from the principles of the French Revolution such as fascism, socialism, communism and "American Progressivism" (an oxymoron) - have proven themselves to be best suited for the survival of a culture in the long term.

The French peasant storming the Bastille wanted to take away the wealth and privilege of the aristocracy and tear them down to his level. The farmers and shop keepers with their muskets upon the Old North Bridge in Concord wanted nothing from the Redcoats in front of them but to be left alone to live their lives as they see fit, and to formulate what rules must be made in their own councils. The so-called "Gadsden" flag did not fly to take away anything from anybody else - it just gave a simple warning: "DONT TREAD ON ME."
Friday, June 17th 2016
Psychology in warfare was as important back then as it was today.
Posted Fri Jun 17 2016 12:22
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So what started this little fracas? Picture a small land's head with a neck protruding into a bay from northwest to southeast, and another larger one from southwest to northeast. the larger one was Boston and the smaller Charlestown. The British in Boston had been besieged by 15,000 Yankee militia, a force growing by the day, ever since they poked the bees' nest by sending troops out to Lexington and Concord in April (see previous posts). If the Yankees entrenched whatever cannon they could acquire on a fortified redoubt on the Charlestown peninsula, they could not only send shells into the town, but could hit royal navy ships in the harbor supplying the town.

Both sides knew this, and so when Dr. Warren's intelligence network got word the British intended to secure the heights above Charlestown, the militia were ordered to beat them to it, and fortify Bunker Hill under cover of night. (The commanders in the field that night decided the main works should be placed on Breed's Hill, because it was closer to the harbor.)

British ships observed the activity before the sun was up, but there was no haste - no panic. To the British commanders these were deluded farmers, shopkeepers and dull-witted artisans who had no concept of the professional and deadly force that could be thrown against them at will. General Clinton suggested taking the neck behind this rabble, thus cutting them off and destroying them at leisure, but Generals Gage, Howe and Burgoyne had other ideas. No, no, that won't do... The opposition was not only rabble, it was thus far alone. No other American colony had yet directly placed forces in opposition to his Majesty's troops. They must be made to feel the terror of the red lines bearing down upon them with the bayonet. And so a full frontal attack upon the redoubt was ordered.

One the third try, and with the Yankees running out of both powder and shot, the line of bayonets finally crested the redoubt. (Dr. Warren, who voluntarily joined the line as a private, was shot in the head and killed, as one of the last men to hold.) But the slopes leading to the redoubt were a sea of red uniforms - the British had suffered fifty percent casualties, eighty percent of whom were DEAD (including Major Pitcairn, who had commanded the troops that marched into Lexington). This was the worst casualty rate they would ever suffer throughout the entire American Revolution. General Clinton would later lament that "a few more such 'victories,' would have shortly put an end to British dominion in America."

The psychology had backfired. George Washington, appointed Commander-in-Chief of a newly formed Continental Army, was on his way to Massachusetts when news of the battle arrived. At Cambridge he would still find a drunken rabble, but there would be no question these drunks could fight. America, instead of being suffocated in the cradle, had a CHANCE.
Thursday, June 2nd 2016
And one man would have taken responsibility for that failure.
Posted Thu Jun 2 2016 10:34
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D-Day: 6 June 1944.... When we look back upon the mighty armada the allies threw ashore on that day, it is tempting to believe overwhelming victory was inevitable. Not so. In a series of small matters God smiled upon the endeavor. Late Spring that year saw some of the worst weather the Channel coast had seen in living memory - the weather only cleared the night before the invasion and the storms returned with a vengeance a couple of days later, leaving just enough time to get all that was needed ashore. The bad weather caused the German commander of the "Atlantic Wall," the famed Rommel, to risk going home for his wife's birthday. It would take several precious hours for him to rush back to the front. Even as the allies began landing, the Germans still thought the main thrust would be at Calais, the narrowest part of the English Channel. Panzer divisions held in the rear near Paris could not be brought up with out Hitler's authorization, but Der Fuehrer had taken a sleeping pill and no one around him dared to wake him up.

In the actual event, only upon Omaha Beach - one out of five landing zones - was the issue ever in doubt. Movies from the Longest Day to Saving Private Ryan have depicted the terror and the heroism of the Americans who finally broke through there in the afternoon. But what if the whole thing had been a disaster? What if instead of securing the beachheads, the English Channel was filled with wreckage - and the bobbing corpses of thousands of American, British and Canadian boys? Who would take responsibility for a bloody fiasco on such a scale?

That question had been decided before the first ships left English ports, and in the event of failure the letter had already been written:

"Our landings in the Cherbourg-Havre area have failed to gain a satisfactory foothold and I have withdrawn the troops. My decision to attack at this time and place was based upon the best information available. The troops, the air and the navy did all that bravery and devotion to duty could do. If any blame or fault attaches to the attempt it is mine alone." Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower...

Thank God that announcement never needed to be made, and instead we got this from Ike:

"People of Western Europe - A landing was made this morning on the coast of France by troops of the Allied Expeditionary Force. This landing is part of the concerted United Nations' plan for the liberation of Europe..."

Notice that the "I," "my" and "mine" in the first announcement are nowhere to be found in the second. Instead we get an American from the Kansas prairie plainly announcing that a job got done.

Where is the leadership today whose sense of responsibility, decency, dignity and humility is that deep and that wide? Instead we seem surrounded by shape-shifting, blame-throwing buffoons...

God help us.

Tuesday, April 19th 2016
their flag to April's breeze unfurled, here once the embattled farmers stood and fired the shot heard round the world." Ralph Waldo Emerson
Posted Tue Apr 19 2016 12:58
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Please, let's get one thing straight about the men who stood that morning at Lexington Green and Concord against the professional troops of the world's greatest superpower - They were not rabble bearing pitchforks and scythes, out to upend society as they knew it, like the French peasantry who stormed the Bastille 14 years later.

They were members of militias with a tradition going back 150 years, serving towns self-governed by town meeting since the signing of the Mayflower Compact off Cape Cod in 1620. Most were quite literate and well-versed in political philosophy. In their view, they had rightsas Englishmen, going back to the Magna Carta,that no king or parliament had the authority to override. In a sense, it was the Redcoats headed their way that were the "revolutionaries." The crown had revoked the Massachusetts charter, closed the port of Boston, and was now sending troops to confiscate powder and arms (bear in mind that our Second Amendment was a codified protection of ancient English right, not a grant of one) and arrest certain "ringleaders;" namely John Hancock and Sam Adams.

They were mustered as the result of a first-rate intelligence system (Thank you, Dr. Warren) and a first rate system of notification and alarm, prearranged to go from town to town by messengers on horseback (Thank you, Paul Revere, William Dawes and Samuel Prescott) along with church bells, bugles, bonfires, and anything else that could summon a man with a musket.

And they drove the Redcoats back... all the way back to Boston. By the next morning, 15,000 militiamen laid siege to Boston itself, and the labor pangs of a new nation had begun - a new nation birthed by men who had far more respect for their traditions and culture than many of us seem to have today.
Tuesday, April 12th 2016
Good advice from TRUE GRIT: Don't count on shadin' somebody you don't know...
Posted Tue Apr 12 2016 09:32
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Nobody knew why the drunk cowboy in the saloon at Nolan's Hotel had it in for the clock - perhaps his time had passed him by - but he had already put two holes in its face with the Colts he had in each hand when he was distracted by the dude who had just walked in out of the cold night air. Oh, this dude was a comical sight to behold - fancy store-bought pants and boots from somewhere back east, silk shirt, covered over with a leather fringed jacket obviously intended as some sort of frontier veneer. His hat seemed over-sized and rested at an odd angle on his head. All of this was hilariously accented by the pince-nez spectacles perched on his nose.

"Hey look! Four eyes...! I say ol' Four-Eyes here is going to treat!" the cowboy bellowed.

The dude let out a nervous laugh and tried to slink away to a quiet seat behind the stove, but the cowboy wasn't through with his sport. The demands for the dude to set up the drinks continued, sprinkled with creative saltiness. The two Colts in the drunk's hands had their hammers all the way back.

"Well, if I've got to, I've got to..." the dude sighed, getting up and looking past the cowboy towards the bar. Even if he had been stone-cold sober, the cowboy could never have seen the lightning-fast right jab that caught him on the chin, and once that connected, there was no accounting for the left cross and right hook that followed. Both pistols went off, probably without intent, but the slugs sunk harmlessly into the floorboards. The corner of the bar that met the cowboy's head as he went down finished the job the dude had started. The cowboy was "down for the count" and then some.

The dude bent over him, but seeing that his lights were out, took his guns and requested some assistance from relieved patrons. Together they got him awake enough to be escorted to a shed that was locked after he was tossed in, and only unlocked in time for him to be forced upon an outbound freight train the next morning.

What the drunk cowboy didn't know, and probably never knew, was that "ol' Four Eyes," a.k.a. Teddy Roosevelt, had taken up boxing at Harvard, as part of his self-developed program for controlling his asthma.

"Revenge of the nerds" can be a real bitch...
Wednesday, March 30th 2016
I'd wager that if Ted Cruz had this option with Trump, he'd take it, for Heidi's sake...
Posted Wed Mar 30 2016 13:46
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Andy and Rachel had a big problem. They were madly in love with each other and had run away to Natchez, Mississippi to be married. Rachel's abusive first husband had abandoned her, claiming he was getting a divorce. When the happy couple returned to Nashville, they discovered to their horror that he had not done so, and would publicly humiliate her by suing for divorce upon the grounds of adultery. Andy and Rachel had to marry once again when the divorce was finally over.

Rachel's shame hurt Andy worse than the deep saber cut on his face he got as a boy for refusing to shine a British officer's boots while being held prisoner during the Revolution. Andy's pride mean't more to him than anything, except the pride and honor of his beloved Rachel.

Andy also loved to race horses, and this put him in a tough crowd. A bet he placed on his horse went sour, and Andy got into an argument with one of the owners of the other horse - Charles Dickinson - known by all to be the best shot in the county. Dickinson called Andy a coward, and Rachel a bigamist. Andy demanded satisfaction at dawn the very next day, but was somehow persuaded to wait a week.

On the way to the duel Dickinson amused his companions by cutting a string with a pistol shot from eight paces, the distance agreed upon for this event, and one reserved for a duel between men intent on killing. If Andy simply walked off his four paces, turned and fired, he wouldn't stand a chance. He came up with a plan; a desperate strategy to kill this loudmouth who had insulted Rachel and make it clear to the world that any man impugning her honor did so at the risk of his life; no matter who he was. Andy proposed to let Dickinson fire first. If he could somehow remain on his feet, the rules would require Dickinson to stand there as Andy had done, allowing for careful aim. Andy wore his shirt and coat loose against his skinny frame, so that standing sideways the exact position of his heart might be misjudged.

The two men walked off the eight paces - about twenty four feet - and Dickinson turned and fired. A puff of dust erupted from Andy's coat... He wobbled a bit.

"Great God! Have I missed him?!" His face turning pale, Dickinson took a couple of steps back.

"Back to the mark, Sir!" Andy's second ordered, cocking his own pistol.

Andy leveled his pistol and squeezed the trigger - click... nothing. The pistol had stopped at half-cock. Andy pulled the hammer back again, but his arm began to waiver. The shot went off, hitting Dickinson near the groin and severing his femoral artery. Within a few minutes he bled out and died.

Not until Andy and his friends left the field did they realize he was in bad shape. His right boot was filling with blood, and a large stain was spreading across his coat. The ball had crashed through his ribs under his right arm, had gone through a lung, and had come to a stop just above his heart, too close to ever risk removal. And so the bullet remained, and when they dressed his body for burial years later, above it was found a miniature of Rachel, held there by a chain around Andy's neck.

Those curious to see what this utterly fearless man and devoted husband looked like can simply pull out a twenty dollar bill. He went on to become the seventh President of the United States - Andrew Jackson.




Tuesday, February 23rd 2016
And it is also graced with unbounded power to heal.
Posted Tue Feb 23 2016 13:22
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Lincoln was not projected to win re-election in the fall of 1864. He himself predicted that he was "... going to be beaten, and badly beaten" by a general whom he had twice relieved for a lack of aggression in the field - George B. McClellan - who was running upon a platform of a negotiated peace with the Confederacy. The continued existence of the United States of America was on the election table.

Then on Sept. 4, 1864 the War Department received a report that concluded as follows:

Hood, at Atlanta, finding me on his road, the only one that could supply him, and between him and a considerable part of his army, blew up his magazines in Atlanta, and left in the night-time... So Atlanta is ours, and fairly won.

W.T. Sherman, Major-Gen.

Look at any map of the South even today and you will grasp the significance: Atlanta is the hub. Like ancient Rome, all roads lead to Atlanta. Sherman could turn in any direction he chose with no significant organized resistance - and he did so - 60,000 strong, in three columns, cutting a 60 mile wide swath 300 miles to Savannah and the sea. The South no longer had the ability to conduct extended conventional warfare, and the end of the war was finally in sight. Lincoln was resoundingly voted a second term.

When he again took the oath of office on March 4, 1865 he did not gloat, he did not threaten to bring down the fist of retribution upon the South. He touched upon the causes of the war, noting that both sides hated war "...but one of them would make war rather than let the nation survive, and the other would accept war rather than let it perish, and the war came."

His view of slavery was nonetheless clear. Both sides, he said, "...read the same Bible and pray to the same God, and each invokes His aid against the other. It may seem strange that any men should dare to ask a just God's assistance in wringing their bread from the sweat of other men's faces, but let us judge not, that we not be judged."

Both the North and the South were the subject of God's righteousness: "Fondly do we hope, fervently do we pray, that this mighty scourge of war may speedily pass away. Yet if God wills that it continue until all the wealth piled by the bondsman's two hundred and fifty years of unrequited toil shall be sunk, and until every drop of blood drawn with the lash shall be paid by another drawn with the sword, as was said three thousand years ago, so still it must be said 'the judgments of the Lord are true and righteous altogether.'"

He then applied the healing poultice to his torn and bleeding country:

"With malice towards none, with charity for all, with firmness in the right as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation's wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle and for his widow and his orphan, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations."

The South was perfectly capable of launching decades of guerrilla war - Thank God, and men like Lincoln, Grant, Lee and Johnston, it did not. We should also hope and yes, pray, for such wise leaders of genuine humility who can nonetheless expertly harness and drive our language to such noble purposes.
Friday, January 29th 2016
And they were uniquely American...
Posted Fri Jan 29 2016 11:34
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Davy Crockett's Almanack first came out while the frontiersman was alive, and after his famous death at the Alamo, we would say today that "it went viral." In it, he would ride bears and alligators into battle, shoot lightning from his eyes to blow up British ships, and perform all kinds of wonderously absurd feats that Batman could only dream of. Thanks to Disney, he became the first full-blown media craze of American kids everywhere in the late 50s and early 60s. For a while "Born on a mountaintop in Tennessee..." was sung almost as often as "Happy Birthday." The real David Crockett (he actually disliked being called "Davy") is a character well worth being acquainted with. Most folks don't know that when he gave one of best (and shortest) concession speeches in American history - "You may all go to hell; and I will go to Texas!" he had just lost his congressional seat for taking an unpopular position - he had eloquently sided with the Cherokee Indians in the "Trail of Tears" disaster.

Later, men like Kit Carson, James Butler "Wild Bill" Hickok, and William H. "Billy the Kid" Bonney would all be the subject of "bigger than life" stories, many written up while they too were still alive.

American fictional heroes arising out of historical fact has often occurred in untold ways and in subtle influences. In the late 1920s Marion Mitchell Morrison was a teenage kid in Los Angeles trying to get a break for himself making cheap Saturday matinee western clips. There was this old dude hanging around the sets whom, the kid was told, had actually "been there and done that." He consciously began to imitate the old man's odd walk and laconic drawl. That is how "Duke" Morrison - aka John Wayne - got the signatures of his on-screen persona... from an old timer named Wyatt Earp.
Wednesday, January 6th 2016
And why it is sheer idiocy to try.
Posted Wed Jan 6 2016 14:00
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The colors of a West Point Cadet's uniform - grey, black and gold - have, since the inception of the academy in 1802, stood for three common substances: saltpeter (potassium nitrate), charcoal, and sulfur. The power obtained by the proper combination of these simple, cheap and readily available chemicals can never be erased from the memory of mankind. The knowledge has been with us for a thousand years.

So, if somehow magically we could scoop up every pistol, rifle and shotgun on the planet and dump them all in the ocean tomorrow, by the following day (if not sooner) a multi-billion dollar black market would instantly arise, and within a very short time most of the millions upon millions of guns then produced would be in the wrong hands.

Suppose, though, that the effort did inconvenience a few evil minds, so that guns no longer factored into their schemes. Well, considering that the Columbine school shooters had as their back-up plan blowing up a gas grill canister surrounded with nails in the cafeteria at lunchtime, that Timothy McVeigh used a truck full of plain old fertilizer, that the 9/11 hijackers used nothing but box-cutters to obtain four jetliners loaded with fuel, that the Boston Marathon bombers used pressure cookers anyone can buy at Walmart, I wouldn't be sleeping any easier at night.

One thing, though... and this is aside from the damage done to our Constitution - a document that has protected us far more than we would care to admit these last couple of centuries - anyone putting into practice a policy of even partial disarmament of the public at large will bear responsibility for any lives lost due to good people having no recourse to firearms.
Wednesday, December 23rd 2015
How Washington got us off on the right foot.
Posted Wed Dec 23 2015 14:42
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Today is the anniversary (December 23, 1783) of George Washington tendering his resignation as Army commander-in-chief before the Continental Congress, assembled at the Maryland state house in Annapolis, where he said "Having now finished the work assigned to me I retire from the great theater of action." He wanted nothing more than to go back to Martha and Mount Vernon for Christmas, as he had promised her so many years before. It was only three months after the signing of the Treaty of Paris, formally ending the American Revolution.

Caesar would never have contemplated such a thing. Even the simple country squire Cromwell could not bring himself to do such a thing after his victories in the English Civil War only a century before. Why was Washington different? Did he fear the rise of an American empire? No, in fact he looked forward to it, and boldly used that word. But he was an American, and it was to be an American empire; one with no need for emperors. His faith in his fellow Americans and us - his posterity - was deep and wide. We need to remember that, and be grateful for it.

Across the Atlantic, the other George (the III) casually asked the painter Benjamin West if he'd heard anything about Washington's plans after this crowning achievement:

"They say he wants to go back to his farm, Your Majesty." West replied.

"If he does that, he will be the greatest man in the world." the king said.

So great, that after a brief respite his services were more than requested - they were practically demanded - first to preside over the Constitutional Convention, and later as president. And after that? Two terms, then back to Mount Vernon - like Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus returning back to his plow.
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